What battery is safer to choose for electric bicycles

1、 Battery Type Selection: Safety Priority

1. Lithium Ion Battery
   • Technical specifications: It must comply with the "Safety Technical Specification for Lithium ion Batteries for Electric Bicycles" (GB 43854-2024), which requires mandatory passing of overcharge (1.5 times voltage), needle puncture, short circuit and other tests.
   • Recommended type:
     • Lithium manganese iron phosphate battery: high safety, long cycle life, and low difficulty in passing the new national standard test.
     • Lithium iron phosphate battery: Strong chemical stability, excellent high-temperature performance, but slightly lower energy density.
   • Prohibited type: High nickel ternary lithium batteries (such as nickel cobalt manganese and nickel cobalt aluminum) will gradually be phased out of the market due to difficulties in passing needle puncture tests.
2. Lead acid battery
   • Safety: The chemical properties are stable, and it is not easy to catch fire when overcharged or short circuited, but the energy density is low, the weight is large, and the cycle life is short (about 300-500 times).
   • Applicable scenarios: Short distance commuting, budget limited, or users who are not sensitive to weight.

2、 Security certification and standards: hard threshold

1. CCC certification
   • Mandatory requirement: Starting from November 1, 2025, all lithium-ion batteries and chargers used in electric bicycles must pass CCC certification and be labeled, otherwise sales are prohibited.
   • Inspection method: When purchasing, the merchant is required to provide the CCC certification certificate or check the official platform (such as the National Certification and Accreditation Administration).
2. Safe service life
   • Labeling requirements: The battery pack must be labeled with a "safe service life" (usually 2-3 years), and the risk of internal short circuit and thermal runaway significantly increases after the expiration date.
   • Aging risk: Experiments have shown that aging batteries charge at a temperature 1-2 ℃ higher than new batteries and need to be replaced in a timely manner.

3、 Brand and Quality: Avoiding Risks

1. Recommended brand
   • Tianneng and Chaowei: Leaders in the field of lead-acid batteries, with mature technology and high market share.
   • Xingheng and Xupai: Focusing on lithium batteries, our products have passed the new national standard testing, ensuring safety.
   • Other brands such as Nandu and Haibao need to confirm whether they have passed CCC certification.
2. Quality identification
   • Verification of Information: Merchants are required to provide a "Technical Specification" testing report or CCC certification certificate.
   • Avoid refurbishing batteries: Refuse to purchase batteries without coding, labeling, or exceptionally low prices.

4、 Usage and maintenance: Extend lifespan, reduce risks

1. Charging safety
   • Environmental requirements: Avoid high temperatures (>40 ℃) or direct sunlight, and keep away from flammable materials.
   • Time control: Charging should not exceed 12 hours, and float charging should take 1-2 hours after the red light turns green.
   • Charger matching: Use original chargers and avoid mixing chargers with different voltages or currents.
2. Storage and maintenance
   • Long term storage: The battery maintains 50% -70% of its capacity and is recharged once a month.
   • Discharge depth: Avoid recharging when the battery level is below 20% (lead-acid batteries are recommended to be charged as needed).
   • High current discharge: Use pedals to assist during start-up and passenger transportation, reducing battery burden.
3. regular inspection
   • Battery life monitoring: If the battery life suddenly drops by more than 20%, it may be due to battery aging or individual failure and needs to be tested.
   • Appearance inspection: Check if the battery casing is overheating, deformed, or leaking, and if the charger is abnormally overheating.

5、 Emergency situation handling

1. Fire response
   • Cut off power: Immediately disconnect the battery from the vehicle.
   • Fire extinguishing method: Use dry powder fire extinguishers or sand cover, and prohibit direct spraying with water (which may exacerbate short circuits).
2. Accident tracing
   • Code query: The unique code of the battery pack (high temperature resistance of 950 ℃) can trace the production batch and responsible party.

Summary and Suggestions

• Preferred type: Lithium manganese iron phosphate or lithium iron phosphate batteries that comply with the new national standard. Recommended brands include Tianneng, Chaowei, and Xingheng.
• Key checkpoints: CCC certification mark, safety service life identification, unique code, flame retardant shell (V-0 level).
• Usage habits: Avoid high temperature charging, deep discharge, high current discharge, and regular maintenance.
• Safety bottom line: Do not purchase, use non-standard or refurbished batteries, and replace aging batteries in a timely manner.

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